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Mastery & Revision · Numeracy

الوَقْتُ — Time · Numeracy Mastery 02

You already live by one of the world’s oldest timetables: Fajr before sunrise, Maghrib at sunset — Muslims have organised the day around precise times for over 1,400 years. Today you learn to say every time on the clock in Arabic, using a beautiful trick English doesn’t have: the word إِلَّا (“except”). And here’s the secret — you already did the hard part in Lesson 1, because clock times are simply feminine ordinals.

تَمَامًاexactly
وَالرُّبُعُquarter past
وَالثُّلُثُtwenty past
وَالنِّصْفُhalf past
إِلَّا رُبُعًاquarter to
إِلَّا ثُلُثًاtwenty to
Learning Objectives · أَهْدَافُ الدَّرْسِ

Choose your route and revision goal

This page is a rich revision chapter rather than a one-period script. Use the Core route to secure the clock system, then move into Develop and Stretch for minutes, schedules, daily routines and more precise expressions.

Core

  • Ask and answer كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟.
  • Tell all twelve o’clock times.
  • Use quarter, half and twenty past.

Develop

  • Use إِلَّا for times to the hour.
  • Say exact minutes.
  • Add morning, afternoon and evening.

Stretch

  • Compare analogue, digital and 24-hour time.
  • Describe a full timetable.
  • Explain common listening traps.

Objectives

  • Ask and answer كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟ for all twelve hours Speaking
  • Tell times past the hour with وَالنِّصْفُ، وَالرُّبُعُ، وَالثُّلُثُ and minutes Listening
  • Tell times to the hour using إِلَّا Reading
  • Add صَبَاحًا / مَسَاءً and write times in full sentences about your day Writing

Success Criteria

  • 🟢 I can say every o’clock time from 1:00 to 12:00 with the correct feminine ordinal.
  • 🟠 I can build times like 4:30, 9:15 and 6:20 using the وَ + fraction formula.
  • 🟧 I can decode الخَامِسَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا as 4:45 — naming the coming hour, not the one just passed.
Why this matters in the exam Times are a common detail in listening tasks: train departures, TV programmes, opening hours and appointments. A frequent listening trap is إِلَّا — students hear الخَامِسَةُ and write 5:45 when the answer is 4:45. By the end of today, that trap won’t work on you.
Part 1 · الجُزْءُ الأَوَّلُ

The twelve hours — كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟

To ask the time, say كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟ (“How much is the hour?”). To answer, Arabic says “the hour the third” for 3 o’clock — the noun السَّاعَةُ followed by an ordinal from Lesson 1. And because سَاعَةٌ is feminine, every single clock ordinal is feminine. One rule, twelve hours, zero exceptions.

Vocabulary O’clock, one to twelve

TimeبِالعَرَبِيَّةِLiterally
1:00السَّاعَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ“the hour the one” — ⚠️ NOT الأُولَى!
2:00السَّاعَةُ الثَّانِيَةُthe second hour
3:00السَّاعَةُ الثَّالِثَةُthe third hour
4:00السَّاعَةُ الرَّابِعَةُthe fourth hour
5:00السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُthe fifth hour
6:00السَّاعَةُ السَّادِسَةُthe sixth hour
7:00السَّاعَةُ السَّابِعَةُthe seventh hour
8:00السَّاعَةُ الثَّامِنَةُthe eighth hour
9:00السَّاعَةُ التَّاسِعَةُthe ninth hour
10:00السَّاعَةُ العَاشِرَةُthe tenth hour
11:00السَّاعَةُ الحَادِيَةَ عَشْرَةَthe eleventh hour
12:00السَّاعَةُ الثَّانِيَةَ عَشْرَةَthe twelfth hour
The 1 o’clock trap One o’clock is السَّاعَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ, using the counting word — never الأُولَى (“the first”). Think of it as “hour number one”, not “the first hour”.

✍️ Quiz 1 — On the Hour Score: 0/5

Say or write your answer before tapping.

1. كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟ means:
✔️ Literally “how much is the hour?” — the standard way to ask the time.
2. 3:00 = ?
✔️ سَاعَةٌ is feminine → feminine ordinal الثَّالِثَةُ. Lesson 1’s agreement rule, back in action.
3. السَّاعَةُ الحَادِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ = ?
✔️ The compound “eleventh” — حَادِيَةَ (one) + عَشْرَةَ (teen) = 11:00.
4. Why is every clock ordinal feminine?
✔️ Ordinals behave like adjectives and match their noun — سَاعَةٌ ends in ة, so the ordinal does too.
5. 1:00 = ?
✔️ The famous exception: “hour number one”. (سَاعَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ means “one hour” — a duration, not a clock time!)
Part 2 · الجُزْءُ الثَّانِي

Past the hour — وَالنِّصْفُ وَالرُّبُعُ وَالثُّلُثُ

To add minutes past the hour, Arabic simply says وَ (“and”) plus a fraction. And here Arabic has a weapon English lacks: الثُّلُثُ — “the third of an hour” — a single elegant word for twenty minutes.

Vocabulary Fractions of the hour

الكَلِمَةُMeaningMinutes
النِّصْفُthe half30
الرُّبُعُthe quarter (¼)15
الثُّلُثُthe third (⅓) — Arabic’s secret weapon!20
دَقِيقَةٌ / دَقَائِقُminute / minutes1+
ثَانِيَةٌ / ثَوَانٍsecond / seconds
Exact minutes — Lesson 1 returns! 3:05 = السَّاعَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ وَخَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ  ·  8:10 = السَّاعَةُ الثَّامِنَةُ وَعَشْرُ دَقَائِقَ
Spot the golden rule at work: دَقِيقَةٌ is feminine, so 5 and 10 drop the ةخَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ، عَشْرُ دَقَائِقَ. Your Lesson 1 grammar just earned you Listening marks.

✍️ Quiz 2 — Past Masters Score: 0/5

👍 React in Teams when ready — no scrolling back up!

1. السَّاعَةُ الرَّابِعَةُ وَالنِّصْفُ = ?
✔️ The fourth hour + the half = 4:30.
2. “Quarter past nine” = ?
✔️ الرُّبُعُ = the quarter = 15 past. (الثُّلُثُ would be 20 past.)
3. الثُّلُثُ equals how many minutes?
✔️ A third of 60 = 20 minutes — one word where English needs two!
4. 6:10 = ?
✔️ دَقِيقَةٌ is feminine → 10 goes masculine: عَشْرُ دَقَائِقَ. The flip strikes again!
5. “Half past twelve” = ?
✔️ Twelfth hour + the half = 12:30. Hour first, fraction after — always.
Part 3 · الجُزْءُ الثَّالِثُ

The إِلَّا trick — minutes TO the hour

Here is the most elegant idea in the whole lesson. For “quarter to five”, Arabic looks forward to the coming hour and subtracts: “the hour five, except a quarter”. The word إِلَّا means “except” — the same word you may know from لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللهُ (“there is no god except Allah”). One small word, doing beautiful mathematical work.

The formula Name the NEXT hour, then subtract

TimeبِالعَرَبِيَّةِThink: literally…
4:45السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا“hour five, except a quarter”
7:40السَّاعَةُ الثَّامِنَةُ إِلَّا ثُلُثًا“hour eight, except a third (20 min)”
9:50السَّاعَةُ العَاشِرَةُ إِلَّا عَشْرَ دَقَائِقَ“hour ten, except ten minutes”
2:55السَّاعَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ إِلَّا خَمْسَ دَقَائِقَ“hour three, except five minutes”
12:45السَّاعَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا“hour one, except a quarter” — it wraps around!
The examiner’s favourite trap 🪤 You hear الخَامِسَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا and your pen wants to write 5:45. Stop. إِلَّا means minutes are subtracted: hour five MINUS a quarter = 4:45. Train the reflex: hear إِلَّا → the real time is before the hour you heard.
Grammar whisper 🤫 After إِلَّا the fraction changes its ending: الرُّبُعُ → إِلَّا رُبُعًا، الثُّلُثُ → إِلَّا ثُلُثًا. You don’t need to know why yet (it’s the accusative case — a later grammar topic). Just copy the pattern faithfully: illā rubʿan, illā thuluthan.

✍️ Quiz 3 — Beat the إِلَّا Trap Score: 0/5

🎙️ Whisper “subtract!” every time you see إِلَّا…

1. إِلَّا literally means:
✔️ “Except” — so the minutes are removed from the hour you name.
2. السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا = ?
✔️ Hour five minus a quarter = 4:45. The trap is officially defeated.
3. “Ten to eight” = ?
✔️ Name the COMING hour (eight), then subtract. The last option (وَ) means ten PAST eight.
4. 9:40 = ?
✔️ 9:40 is 20 minutes before TEN → العَاشِرَةُ إِلَّا ثُلُثًا.
5. السَّاعَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ إِلَّا خَمْسَ دَقَائِقَ = ?
✔️ Five minutes before one o’clock — the clock wraps past twelve: 12:55. Brilliant if you got this one!
Part 4 · الجُزْءُ الرَّابِعُ

Morning, evening & full sentences — صَبَاحًا وَمَسَاءً

Arabic uses a 12-hour clock in speech, so you need the little words that replace a.m. and p.m. — then you can drop your times into real sentences about your day.

Vocabulary Parts of the day & precision words

الكَلِمَةُMeaningExample
صَبَاحًاin the morning (a.m.)السَّابِعَةُ صَبَاحًا = 7 a.m.
ظُهْرًاat noonالثَّانِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ ظُهْرًا = 12 noon
بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِin the afternoonالرَّابِعَةُ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ = 4 p.m.
مَسَاءًin the evening (p.m.)الثَّامِنَةُ مَسَاءً = 8 p.m.
لَيْلًاat nightالحَادِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلًا = 11 at night
تَمَامًاexactly / on the dotالخَامِسَةُ تَمَامًا = 5:00 sharp
تَقْرِيبًاapproximatelyالسَّادِسَةُ تَقْرِيبًا = about 6
Heritage link 🕌 — the original timetable A prayer timetable is authentic Arabic reading material you use every week! Sample London times: الفَجْرُ: ٤:٤٥ صَبَاحًا · الظُّهْرُ: ١:١٥ · العَصْرُ: ٥:٣٠ · المَغْرِبُ: ٩:٢٠ مَسَاءً · العِشَاءُ: ١٠:٤٥. Challenge: say each one aloud in full words — المَغْرِبُ فِي السَّاعَةِ التَّاسِعَةِ وَالثُّلُثِ مَسَاءً. 🎙️

✍️ Quiz 4 — Around the Day Score: 0/5

👥 Pair check: partner A reads, partner B translates.

1. مَسَاءً = ?
✔️ Evening / p.m. — pairs with صَبَاحًا (morning / a.m.).
2. “7 a.m.” = ?
✔️ Feminine ordinal + صَبَاحًا. The third option uses the counting number — a common slip.
3. تَمَامًا = ?
✔️ “On the dot” — its opposite is تَقْرِيبًا (approximately).
4. تَبْدَأُ المَدْرَسَةُ فِي السَّاعَةِ التَّاسِعَةِ إِلَّا رُبُعًا — school starts at:
✔️ إِلَّا subtracts: hour nine minus a quarter = 8:45.
5. From the prayer timetable: المَغْرِبُ فِي السَّاعَةِ التَّاسِعَةِ وَالثُّلُثِ مَسَاءً. Maghrib is at:
✔️ الثُّلُثُ = 20 minutes, and وَ means PAST → 9:20 in the evening.
Numeracy Connections · رَبْطُ الْمَهَارَاتِ

How time connects with the Numbers strand

Lesson 1 · Numbers

السَّاعَةُ الثَّامِنَةُ

Clock hours depend on feminine ordinal forms.

Lesson 3 · Age

عُمْرِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً

The same number forms appear in personal information.

Lesson 4 · Money

المَوْعِدُ فِي السَّاعَةِ السَّادِسَةِ

Appointments and shopping times combine numbers with real-life tasks.

Lesson 6 · Date

يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ فِي السَّاعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ

Dates and times combine to form schedules and notices.

Skills Studio · اِسْتَعْمِلِ الْوَقْتَ

Read, listen, speak and write with time

Reading Daily timetable

أَسْتَيْقِظُ فِي السَّاعَةِ السَّادِسَةِ وَالنِّصْفِ صَبَاحًا. يَبْدَأُ الدَّرْسُ الأَوَّلُ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّامِنَةِ إِلَّا رُبُعًا. أَتَنَاوَلُ الغَدَاءَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الوَاحِدَةِ وَخَمْسِ دَقَائِقَ، وَأَعُودُ إِلَى البَيْتِ فِي السَّاعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ وَعَشْرِ دَقَائِقَ.
  1. What time does the speaker wake up?
  2. When does the first lesson begin?
  3. What time is lunch?
  4. When does the speaker return home?

6:30 · 7:45 · 1:05 · 4:10.

Listening Schedule announcements

Listen without looking first. Write the three times you hear.

🎧 Recorded audio.
Listening script
١. يُغَادِرُ القِطَارُ إِلَى لَنْدَنَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ وَالنِّصْفِ مَسَاءً.
٢. يَبْدَأُ الفِيلْمُ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّامِنَةِ إِلَّا رُبُعًا.
٣. يَفْتَحُ المَتْحَفُ أَبْوَابَهُ فِي السَّاعَةِ العَاشِرَةِ إِلَّا عَشْرَ دَقَائِقَ صَبَاحًا.
Check answers

3:30 p.m. · 7:45 · 9:50 a.m.

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Speaking My daily rhythm

Give a short spoken description containing at least six times:

  • waking up;
  • starting school or work;
  • a break or meal;
  • finishing;
  • an evening activity;
  • bedtime.
Challenge Include one “past”, one “to”, one exact-minute expression and one time with صَبَاحًا or مَسَاءً.
Not yet marked complete.

Writing My timetable

Write 7–9 Arabic sentences describing a school day or weekend schedule.

Word count: 0

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Stretch Digital and 24-hour time

DigitalNatural Arabic24-hour context
07:45السَّاعَةُ الثَّامِنَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا صَبَاحًاoften written ٠٧:٤٥
13:20السَّاعَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ وَالثُّلُثُ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِoften written ١٣:٢٠
18:30السَّاعَةُ السَّادِسَةُ وَالنِّصْفُ مَسَاءًoften written ١٨:٣٠
21:05السَّاعَةُ التَّاسِعَةُ وَخَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ لَيْلًاoften written ٢١:٠٥
Part 5 · الجُزْءُ الخَامِسُ

Times in the real exam — الوَقْتُ فِي الاِمْتِحَانِ

Three disguises again: timetables in Reading, announcements in Listening, and your daily routine in Speaking and Writing.

Task A · Reading 📖 The school timetable — جَدْوَلُ الحِصَصِ

الحِصَّةُ (lesson)الوَقْتُ
اللُّغَةُ العَرَبِيَّةُ٩:٠٠ – ١٠:٠٠
الرِّيَاضِيَّاتُ (Maths)١٠:١٥ – ١١:١٥
التَّرْبِيَةُ الإِسْلَامِيَّةُ١١:٣٠ – ١٢:٣٠
الاِسْتِرَاحَةُ (break)١٢:٣٠ – ١:١٥
العُلُومُ (Science)١:١٥ – ٢:١٥
  1. What time does Arabic start? Answer in Arabic words.
  2. Which lesson begins at الحَادِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ وَالنِّصْفِ?
  3. How long is the break — in Arabic, using a fraction word?
  4. Science ends at 2:15. Say it in Arabic words.
  1. فِي السَّاعَةِ التَّاسِعَةِ تَمَامًا — at nine o’clock exactly.
  2. التَّرْبِيَةُ الإِسْلَامِيَّةُ — Islamic Studies (11:30).
  3. 45 minutes = ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْبَاعِ سَاعَةٍ (“three quarters of an hour”) — or simply خَمْسٌ وَأَرْبَعُونَ دَقِيقَةً.
  4. فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَالرُّبُعِ — at quarter past two.

Task B · Listening 🎧 Station announcements

Listen without looking first. Ask a partner or reader to say each announcement twice, then write the time in digits.

🎧 Audio is coming soon.
Listening script ١. يُغَادِرُ القِطَارُ إِلَى لَنْدَنَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ وَالنِّصْفِ مَسَاءً.
٢. يَبْدَأُ الفِيلْمُ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّامِنَةِ إِلَّا رُبُعًا.
٣. يَفْتَحُ المَتْحَفُ أَبْوَابَهُ فِي السَّاعَةِ العَاشِرَةِ إِلَّا عَشْرَ دَقَائِقَ صَبَاحًا.
1. 3:30 p.m. (the train to London)   2. 7:45 (the film — إِلَّا subtracts!)   3. 9:50 a.m. (the museum opens).
If a student wrote 8:45 or 8:15 for №2, replay it and point at the إِلَّا trap poster. That mistake in July means a mark saved in the real exam.
Not yet marked complete.

Task C · Speaking & Writing ✍️ My day in five times — يَوْمِي

Say, then write, five sentences about your day. Each must use a different time pattern: exact hour · وَالنِّصْفُ · وَالرُّبُعُ · إِلَّا · minutes.

Scaffold أَسْتَيْقِظُ فِي السَّاعَةِ ______ .
أُصَلِّي الفَجْرَ فِي السَّاعَةِ ______ .
تَبْدَأُ المَدْرَسَةُ فِي السَّاعَةِ ______ .
أَتَنَاوَلُ العَشَاءَ فِي السَّاعَةِ ______ .
أَنَامُ فِي السَّاعَةِ ______ .
(I wake up at… · I pray Fajr at… · School starts at… · I eat dinner at… · I sleep at…)
أَسْتَيْقِظُ فِي السَّاعَةِ السَّادِسَةِ وَالنِّصْفِ صَبَاحًا. أُصَلِّي الفَجْرَ فِي السَّاعَةِ السَّابِعَةِ إِلَّا رُبُعًا. تَبْدَأُ المَدْرَسَةُ فِي السَّاعَةِ التَّاسِعَةِ تَمَامًا. أَتَنَاوَلُ العَشَاءَ فِي السَّاعَةِ السَّادِسَةِ وَعَشْرِ دَقَائِقَ مَسَاءً. أَنَامُ فِي السَّاعَةِ العَاشِرَةِ وَالثُّلُثِ لَيْلًا. I wake at 6:30 a.m. · I pray Fajr at 6:45 · School starts at 9:00 exactly · I eat dinner at 6:10 p.m. · I sleep at 10:20 at night.

💡 All five patterns in one paragraph — that is exactly the variety strong extended writing requires.
Not yet marked complete.
Time Playground · مَلْعَبُ الْوَقْتِ

Learn by reading clocks, decoding phrases and repairing errors

🟢 Explorer · recognise 🔵 Builder · apply 🟣 Scholar · explain 🟠 Communicator · communicate ⭐ Mastery · teach it

Each preserved game now appears beside the language point it practises.

Homework · الوَاجِبُ المَنْزِلِيُّ

Choose your challenge

Pick one level. Due next lesson via Teams Assignments. ✍️

🟢 Mild

Draw eight clock faces showing: 3:00 · 7:30 · 9:15 · 1:00 · 6:20 · 4:45 · 10:50 · 12:00. Label each in fully vowelled Arabic words (use this lesson’s tables as your word bank).

🟠 Spicy

Write six sentences about your real school day. You must use وَالنِّصْفُ, وَالرُّبُعُ, وَالثُّلُثُ and إِلَّا at least once each, plus صَبَاحًا or مَسَاءً twice.

🟧 Hot

Find this week’s prayer timetable for your city. Write all five prayer times in full Arabic words with صَبَاحًا / مَسَاءً, then add two comparison sentences (e.g. صَلَاةُ الفَجْرِ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ) — a preview of next lesson’s comparatives!

Interactive Game · لُعْبَةُ السَّاعَةِ

🎮 Beat the Clock — اِقْرَأِ السَّاعَةَ!

The clock sets itself to a random time — your job is to pick the correct Arabic. Eight rounds. 👥 Play as teams in breakout rooms, or 🖥️ whole-class with hands up. Can anyone get 8/8?

Round 1 of 8 Score: 0/8
What time does the clock show? كَمِ السَّاعَةُ؟
Plenary · الخَاتِمَةُ

The Grand Time Challenge 🏆

Eight questions, everything mixed. 6+ means the success criteria are yours. 💬 Scores in the chat!

🏆 Final Quiz — everything, mixed Score: 0/8

First try counts. Bismillah!

1. 6:00 = ?
✔️ Feminine ordinal السَّادِسَةُ — never the counting number.
2. الثَّامِنَةُ وَالثُّلُثُ = ?
✔️ الثُّلُثُ = a third of an hour = 20 minutes past.
3. “Half past two” = ?
✔️ وَالنِّصْفُ = and the half. (You never say إِلَّا نِصْفًا — half past is always وَ.)
4. الرَّابِعَةُ إِلَّا ثُلُثًا = ?
✔️ Hour four minus twenty = 3:40. إِلَّا always subtracts.
5. Fajr today is at 4:45 a.m. In Arabic:
✔️ 4:45 = quarter to FIVE → name the coming hour: الخَامِسَةُ إِلَّا رُبُعًا, and morning = صَبَاحًا.
6. Which word means “approximately”?
✔️ تَقْرِيبًا ≈ roughly. تَمَامًا is its precise opposite.
7. In Listening you hear: يَبْدَأُ الدَّرْسُ فِي السَّاعَةِ الحَادِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ إِلَّا خَمْسَ دَقَائِقَ. You write:
✔️ Five minutes before eleven = 10:55. You caught the trap at full speed — exam-ready!
8. Why is it خَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ and not خَمْسَةُ دَقَائِقَ?
✔️ Lesson 1’s golden rule inside Lesson 2 — the gender flip. This is how Arabic grammar builds, brick by brick. 🧱
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