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Exam Skills X4 · IGCSE Skills: Writing

X4-L08

Range Clinic — Tenses, Conditionals, Reported Speech and Subjunctiveعِيَادَةُ التَّنَوُّعِ — الأَزْمِنَةُ وَالشَّرْطُ وَالكَلَامُ المَنْقُولُ وَالمَنْصُوبُ

Build the Range mark deliberately: weave in several tenses, both conditional types, reported speech and a subjunctive trigger — without forcing unnatural grammar.

ListeningReadingSpeakingWriting
01

Orient · target · prepare

Objectives and exam focus

In this lesson you will

  • Include several tenses in a written response.
  • Use both conditional types accurately.
  • Include reported speech and a subjunctive trigger.
  • Distribute range naturally across the text.

You are exam-ready when…

Tick each as you secure it.

02

Recognise · use

Writing-skills vault

Register and text type8 terms
نَوْعُ النَّصِّtext type
صِيغَةٌ رَسْمِيَّةٌformal register
صِيغَةٌ غَيْرُ رَسْمِيَّةٍinformal register
المُقَدِّمَةُthe opening
الخَاتِمَةُthe closing
الرَّابِطُthe connector
عَدَدُ الكَلِمَاتِthe word count
نُقْطَةُ المُحْتَوَىa content point
Range markers8 terms
إِذَا… سَـ…Type 1 conditional
لَوْ… لَـ…Type 2 conditional
قَالَ إِنَّ / أَكَّدَ أَنَّreported speech
كَانَ قَدْ…past perfect
يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ / لِكَيْsubjunctive trigger
صَحِيحٌ أَنَّ… غَيْرَ أَنَّ…concession-refutation
أَفْعَلُ مِنْcomparative
رَابِطٌ رَسْمِيٌّa formal connector
03

Do it every time

Writing strategy

1Plan the markers

Decide before writing where each range marker will sit.

2Both conditionals

A Type 1 recommends; a Type 2 imagines.

إِذَا… سَـ… · لَوْ… لَـ…

3Natural, not forced

Add range where it fits the meaning — never bolt it on.

04

Exam-skills check

Writing technique

Choose the correct answer

6 marks
1Which is a Type 2 conditional?

2Which is reported speech?

3Which is a subjunctive trigger + verb?

4Which is the past perfect?

5Best way to gain the Range mark?

6Forcing an unnatural structure usually …

0/6
05

Range-rich paragraph (self-marked for Range)

Task

Write about 90–110 words on “A change I would like to see in my school.” Deliberately include: two tenses, a Type 1 and a Type 2 conditional, reported speech, and a subjunctive trigger.

  • Past, present and future used.
  • A Type 1 and a Type 2 conditional.
  • Reported speech and a subjunctive trigger.
  • Range feels natural, not forced.
Reveal a model answer

أَتَمَنَّى أَنْ تُصْبِحَ مَدْرَسَتِي أَكْثَرَ اخْضِرَارًا. فِي المَاضِي لَمْ تَكُنْ لَدَيْنَا حَدِيقَةٌ، أَمَّا الآنَ فَنَزْرَعُ بَعْضَ الأَشْجَارِ. أَكَّدَ المُدِيرُ أَنَّ البِيئَةَ أَوْلَوِيَّةٌ. إِذَا زَرَعْنَا المَزِيدَ، سَيَتَحَسَّنُ الهَوَاءُ. وَلَوْ خَصَّصْنَا رُكْنًا لِإِعَادَةِ التَّدْوِيرِ، لَقَلَّلْنَا النُّفَايَاتِ. وَيَتَطَلَّبُ ذٰلِكَ أَنْ يَتَعَاوَنَ الجَمِيعُ. وَفِي المُسْتَقْبَلِ سَأَقْتَرِحُ نَادِيًا لِلْبِيئَةِ.

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06

Diagnose · target

Writing profile

07

Reflection

One habit to keep

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