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Retrieve · organise · prepare
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TC-L01 · The Natural World — Landscapes, Ecosystems and Biodiversity25 entries
Ecosystems and biodiversity
نِظَامٌ بِيئِيٌّan ecosystem
تَنَوُّعٌ حَيَوِيٌّbiodiversity
سِلْسِلَةٌ غِذَائِيَّةٌa food chain
مَوْطِنٌ طَبِيعِيٌّa natural habitat
أَنْوَاعٌ مُهَدَّدَةٌ بِالانْقِرَاضِendangered species
غَابَةٌ اسْتِوَائِيَّةٌa tropical rainforest
شِعَابٌ مَرْجَانِيَّةٌcoral reefs
التَّوَازُنُ البِيئِيُّecological balance
الانْقِرَاضُextinction
Composition and impact verbs
يَتَكَوَّنُ مِنْis composed of
يَضُمُّencompasses, includes
يُشَكِّلُforms, constitutes
يَتَفَاعَلُ مَعَinteracts with
يَعْتَمِدُ عَلَىdepends on
يُهَدِّدُthreatens
يُؤَدِّي إِلَىleads to
حِمَايَةُ التَّنَوُّعِprotecting biodiversity
The purpose subjunctive
لِكَيْso that, in order that
الفِعْلُ المَنْصُوبُthe subjunctive verb
فَتْحَةُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive fatḥa
لِكَيْ تَحْمِيَso that it protects
لِكَيْ تَسْتَمِرَّso that it continues
لِكَيْ تُحَافِظَso that it preserves
إِجْرَاءَاتُ الحِمَايَةِprotection measures
تَعَاوُنٌ إِقْلِيمِيٌّregional cooperation
TC-L02 · Urban Environments — Cities, Architecture and Urban Planning24 entries
Urban planning
تَخْطِيطٌ عُمْرَانِيٌّurban planning
تَطْوِيرٌ حَضَرِيٌّurban development
تَجْدِيدٌ حَضَرِيٌّurban renewal
حَيٌّ سَكَنِيٌّa residential district
بِنْيَةٌ تَحْتِيَّةٌ حَضَرِيَّةٌurban infrastructure
مَسَاحَاتٌ خَضْرَاءُ حَضَرِيَّةٌurban green spaces
مَدِينَةٌ ذَكِيَّةٌa smart city
نَسِيجٌ عُمْرَانِيٌّan urban fabric
Planning verbs and materials
مَبْنِيٌّ مِنْbuilt from
يَتَمَيَّزُ بِـis distinguished by
يُعِيدُ تَصْمِيمَredesigns
يُجَدِّدُrenovates
يُحَوِّلُ إِلَىconverts into
يُخَطِّطُ لِـplans for
يُؤَدِّي إِلَىleads to
الاِزْدِحَامُ المُرُورِيُّtraffic congestion
The urban passive and goals
يُبْنَىis built
يُخَطَّطُis planned
يُعَادُ تَصْمِيمُهُis redesigned
يُحَوَّلُ إِلَىis converted into
التَّرَاصُّ السُّكَّانِيُّpopulation density
التَّلَوُّثُ الضَّوْضَائِيُّnoise pollution
لِكَيْ تَكُونَso that it becomes
صَالِحٌ لِلْعَيْشِliveable
TC-L03 · Climate Change and the Arab World — Causes, Impacts and Responses24 entries
Climate impacts
تَغَيُّرُ المَنَاخِclimate change
ارْتِفَاعُ مَسْتَوَى البَحْرِsea-level rise
التَّصَحُّرُ المُتَسَارِعُaccelerating desertification
شُحُّ المِيَاهِwater scarcity
مَوْجَةُ حَرٍّ قَاتِلَةٌa deadly heat wave
هِجْرَةٌ مَنَاخِيَّةٌclimate migration
لَاجِئُونَ مَنَاخِيُّونَclimate refugees
الأَمْنُ الغِذَائِيُّfood security
Volition verbs (+ subjunctive)
يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْrequires that
يَخْشَى أَنْfears that
يَرْجُو أَنْhopes that
يُرِيدُ أَنْwants to
يَقْتَضِيnecessitates
يَهْدِفُ إِلَىaims to
الفِعْلُ المَنْصُوبُthe subjunctive verb
فَتْحَةُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive fatḥa
Responses and policy
الإِرَادَةُ السِّيَاسِيَّةُpolitical will
اتِّفَاقِيَّةُ المَنَاخِa climate agreement
تَمْوِيلٌ مَنَاخِيٌّclimate finance
انْتِقَالٌ طَاقَوِيٌّan energy transition
تَدَابِيرُ عَاجِلَةٌurgent measures
الطَّاقَةُ الشَّمْسِيَّةُsolar energy
خَفْضُ الانْبِعَاثَاتِcutting emissions
مُسَاهَمَةٌ فِي الحَلِّa contribution to the solution
TC-L04 · Water in the Arab World — Scarcity, Management and the Future25 entries
Water scarcity and management
نَدْرَةُ المِيَاهِwater scarcity
حِصَّةُ المِيَاهِa water quota
إِدَارَةُ المِيَاهِwater management
مِيَاهٌ جَوْفِيَّةٌgroundwater
تَحْلِيَةُ المِيَاهِwater desalination
إِعَادَةُ اسْتِخْدَامِ المِيَاهِwater reuse
سَدٌّa dam
خَزَّانُ مِيَاهٍa water reservoir
أَمْنٌ مَائِيٌّwater security
Necessity expressions (+ subjunctive)
يَنْبَغِي أَنْit is necessary that, should
مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْit is essential that
مِنَ المُهِمِّ أَنْit is important that
يُعَالِجُtreats, processes
يَسْتَخْرِجُextracts
يُعِيدُ تَدْوِيرَrecycles
حَقُّ الوُصُولِ إِلَى المِيَاهِthe right to water access
تَعَاوُنٌ إِقْلِيمِيٌّregional cooperation
The three subjunctive triggers
غَرَضٌ: لِكَيْpurpose: لِكَيْ
إِرَادَةٌ: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْvolition: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ
ضَرُورَةٌ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْnecessity: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ
الفِعْلُ المَنْصُوبُthe subjunctive verb
فَتْحَةُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive fatḥa
المُضَارِعُ المَرْفُوعُthe indicative present
الزِّرَاعَةُ المُوَفِّرَةُ لِلْمِيَاهِwater-efficient agriculture
الرِّيُّ الحَدِيثُmodern irrigation
TC-L05 · Natural Disasters — Describing and Responding to Extreme Events26 entries
Disaster events
زِلْزَالٌan earthquake
بُرْكَانٌa volcano
فَيَضَانٌa flood
جَفَافٌa drought
إِعْصَارٌa hurricane
عَاصِفَةٌ رَمْلِيَّةٌa sandstorm
حَرِيقُ غَابَاتٍa forest fire
انْهِيَارٌ أَرْضِيٌّa landslide
مَوْجَةُ تْسُونَامِيa tsunami wave
Impact and response
ضَحَايَاcasualties, victims
مُتَضَرِّرُونَaffected people
إِجْلَاءٌan evacuation
إِغَاثَةٌ إِنْسَانِيَّةٌhumanitarian relief
خَسَائِرُ مَادِّيَّةٌmaterial losses
يُجْلِيevacuates
يُغِيثُprovides relief to
يُعِيدُ البِنَاءَrebuilds
يُعْلِنُ حَالَةَ الطَّوَارِئِdeclares a state of emergency
Disaster reporting passives
دُمِّرَتْwere destroyed
أُجْلِيَwere evacuated
أُعْلِنَتْwas declared
تَضَرَّرَتْwere damaged
انْقَطَعَتْwere cut off
كَانَتْ قَدْ دُمِّرَتْhad been destroyed
بُنْيَةٌ تَحْتِيَّةٌ مُدَمَّرَةٌdestroyed infrastructure
التَّعَافِيrecovery
TC-L06 · Energy and Resources — Arab World Potential and Global Responsibility24 entries
Energy resources
احْتِيَاطِيَّاتُ النِّفْطِoil reserves
إِنْتَاجُ الغَازِ الطَّبِيعِيِّnatural gas production
طَاقَةٌ شَمْسِيَّةٌsolar energy
طَاقَةُ الرِّيَاحِwind energy
طَاقَةٌ هِيدْرُوجِينِيَّةٌhydrogen energy
طَاقَةٌ مُتَجَدِّدَةٌrenewable energy
صُفْرٌ كَرْبُونِيٌّnet-zero carbon
الاقْتِصَادُ الأَخْضَرُthe green economy
Transition verbs
يَتَحَوَّلُ إِلَىtransitions to
يُنَوِّعُdiversifies
يَسْتَثْمِرُ فِيinvests in
يُضَاعِفُdoubles
يَهْدِفُ إِلَىaims at
يَعْتَمِدُ عَلَىdepends on
تَحَوُّلٌ طَاقَوِيٌّan energy transition
اسْتِثْمَارٌ أَخْضَرُgreen investment
The three triggers together
غَرَضٌ: لِكَيْpurpose: لِكَيْ
نِيَّةٌ: يَهْدِفُ إِلَى أَنْintention: يَهْدِفُ إِلَى أَنْ
ضَرُورَةٌ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْnecessity: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ
صَنْدُوقُ الثَّرْوَةِ السِّيَادِيُّa sovereign wealth fund
تَنْوِيعُ الدَّخْلِincome diversification
رُؤْيَةٌ اسْتِرَاتِيجِيَّةٌa strategic vision
الفِعْلُ المَنْصُوبُthe subjunctive verb
المَسْؤُولِيَّةُ العَالَمِيَّةُglobal responsibility
TC-L07 · Heritage Conservation — Protecting the Built and Natural Past24 entries
Heritage conservation
الحِفَاظُ عَلَى التُّرَاثِheritage conservation
تُرَاثٌ مِعْمَارِيٌّarchitectural heritage
مَوْقِعٌ أَثَرِيٌّan archaeological site
تُرَاثٌ ثَقَافِيٌّ غَيْرُ مَادِّيٍّintangible cultural heritage
تَرْمِيمٌrestoration
خُطُورَةُ الانْدِثَارِthe risk of disappearance
الذَّاكِرَةُ الجَمَاعِيَّةُcollective memory
مَسْؤُولِيَّةُ الأَجْيَالِgenerational responsibility
Conservation verbs
يُرَمِّمُrestores
يَصُونُpreserves
يُحَافِظُ عَلَىmaintains, preserves
يُوَثِّقُdocuments
يَحْمِي مِنْprotects from
يَتَنَاقَصُdwindles, decreases
مَوْرُوثٌ ثَقَافِيٌّcultural heritage passed down
الحِفَاظُ عَلَى الهُوِيَّةِpreserving identity
The full TC toolkit
كَانَ قَدْ بَنَىhad built
غَرَضٌ: لِكَيْpurpose: لِكَيْ
إِرَادَةٌ: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْvolition: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ
ضَرُورَةٌ: مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْnecessity: مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْ
لَوْ … لَـa Type 2 regret
أَوْلَوِيَّةٌ قُصْوَىa top priority
لَجْنَةُ التَّرَاثِ العَالَمِيِّthe World Heritage Committee
إِبْدَاعُ الحَضَارَاتِthe creativity of civilisations
TC-L08 · Reading — Built and Natural World Texts24 entries
Text and analysis terms
نَصٌّ تَحْلِيلِيٌّan analytical text
البِنْيَةُ النَّحْوِيَّةُgrammatical structure
الغَرَضُ مِنَ الصِّيغَةِthe purpose of the form
الحُجَّةُ مِنْ خِلَالِ القَوَاعِدِargument through grammar
مَوْقِفُ الكَاتِبِthe writer's stance
الغَرَضُ مِنَ الكِتَابَةِthe purpose of the writing
يَسْتَنْتِجُinfers
يُمَيِّزُ بَيْنَdistinguishes between
Subjunctive-reading skills
المُضَارِعُ المَنْصُوبُthe subjunctive present
المُضَارِعُ المَرْفُوعُthe indicative present
مُحَفِّزُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive trigger
غَرَضٌ: لِكَيْpurpose: لِكَيْ
إِرَادَةٌ: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْvolition: يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ
ضَرُورَةٌ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْnecessity: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ
مَطْلُوبٌ لَا مُنْجَزٌrequired, not yet done
دِقَّةٌ نَحْوِيَّةٌgrammatical precision
Built and natural content
شُحُّ المِيَاهِwater scarcity
الحِفَاظُ عَلَى التُّرَاثِheritage conservation
التَّطَوُّرُ العُمْرَانِيُّurban development
يَسْتَنْفِدُexhausts, depletes
يَتَنَاقَصُdwindles
المَوَارِدُ المُشْتَرَكَةُshared resources
التَّنْمِيَةُ المُسْتَدَامَةُsustainable development
الأَجْيَالُ القَادِمَةُfuture generations
TC-L09 · Writing — The Built and Natural World (Paper 4 Extended Writing)24 entries
The three subjunctive triggers
مُسَبِّبُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive trigger
لِكَيْin order to (purpose)
يَهْدِفُ إِلَى أَنْaims to (volition)
يَرْجُو أَنْhopes that (volition)
يَخْشَى أَنْfears that (volition)
يَنْبَغِي أَنْit ought that (necessity)
يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْrequires that (necessity)
مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْit is necessary that
The built and natural world
البِيئَةُthe environment
التُّرَاثُ العُمْرَانِيُّbuilt heritage
النِّظَامُ البِيئِيُّthe ecosystem
الطَّاقَةُ المُتَجَدِّدَةُrenewable energy
الاِسْتِدَامَةُsustainability
التَّلَوُّثُpollution
الأَجْيَالُ القَادِمَةُfuture generations
يُحَافِظُ عَلَىpreserves
Structuring the argument
الحُجَّةُ البِيئِيَّةُthe environmental argument
التَّشْخِيصُdiagnosis
الحَلُّ المُقْتَرَحُthe proposed solution
عَلَاوَةً عَلَى ذٰلِكَmoreover
وَمِنْ ثَمَّand thus
وَخِتَامًاin conclusion
الصَّوْتُ الأَكَادِيمِيُّthe academic voice
يُعَالِجُaddresses / tackles
TC-L10 · Listening — Built and Natural World Texts24 entries
Listening for triggers
المُسَبِّبُ المَسْمُوعُthe audible trigger
لِكَيْin order to (purpose)
يَخْشَى أَنْfears that
يَرْجُو أَنْhopes that
يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْrequires that
يَنْبَغِي أَنْit ought that
الفَتْحَةُ المُخْتَزَلَةُthe reduced fatḥa
المَوْقِفُthe attitude
Built/natural content heard
نُدْرَةُ المِيَاهِwater scarcity
الاِحْتِرَارُ العَالَمِيُّglobal warming
تَحْلِيَةُ المِيَاهِwater desalination
الحِفَاظُ عَلَى التُّرَاثِheritage conservation
المَدِينَةُ الذَّكِيَّةُthe smart city
الاِنْبِعَاثَاتُemissions
البُنْيَةُ التَّحْتِيَّةُinfrastructure
المَوَارِدُ الطَّبِيعِيَّةُnatural resources
Grammar markers by ear
لِكَيْ + مُضَارِعٌpurpose clause
يَخْشَى / يَرْجُو أَنْfear / hope
يَتَطَلَّبُ / يَنْبَغِي أَنْrequirement
إِذَا … سَـa real conditional
لَوْ … لَـa hypothetical conditional
كَانَ قَدْhad done
دُمِّرَتْ / أُعْلِنَتْwas destroyed / was declared
يُمَثِّلُ / يَبْلُغُrepresents / amounts to
TC-L11 · Consolidation — Speaking Preparation and Full Subjunctive Mastery24 entries
The TC error zones
فَتْحَةُ النَّصْبِthe subjunctive fatḥa
النَّصْبُ بَعْدَ لِكَيْthe subjunctive after لِكَي
النَّصْبُ بَعْدَ أَنْthe subjunctive after أَنْ
لَامُ الجَوَابِthe لَـ of the result
زَمَنُ فِعْلِ لَوْthe verb tense after لَوْ
صِيغَةُ المَبْنِيِّ لِلْمَجْهُولِthe passive formation
مُطَابَقَةُ الفِعْلِverb agreement
التَّشْكِيلُ الدَّقِيقُprecise vowelling
The TC grammar spine
مُسَبِّبُ الغَرَضِ (لِكَيْ)the purpose trigger
مُسَبِّبُ الإِرَادَةِthe volition trigger
مُسَبِّبُ الضَّرُورَةِthe necessity trigger
شَرْطٌ مِنَ النَّوْعِ الأَوَّلِthe Type 1 conditional
شَرْطٌ مِنَ النَّوْعِ الثَّانِيthe Type 2 conditional
المَاضِي التَّامُّthe past perfect
الكَلَامُ المَنْقُولُreported speech
المَبْنِيُّ لِلْمَجْهُولِthe passive
Speaking fluency
الاِرْتِجَالُ بِالمَنْصُوبِimprovising with the subjunctive
التِّلْقَائِيَّةُspontaneity
الطَّلَاقَةُfluency
مُحَادَثَةٌ حَوْلَ مَوْضُوعٍa topic conversation
لَعِبُ الأَدْوَارِa role play
مُؤْتَمَرٌ بِيئِيٌّan environmental conference
الأَدَاءُ تَحْتَ الضَّغْطِperformance under pressure
الثِّقَةُconfidence
02
Three subjunctive triggers · both conditionals · disaster passives · reported speech
Cumulative grammar laboratory
Twelve questions across the whole TC grammar spine. This is revision, so it does not count toward the sixty assessed marks.
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04
Part A · 20 marks
Listening
Three built and natural world texts. Read the questions first, decide whether each targets a purpose, a volition, a necessity or a conditional, then use the script.
Recorded assessment audio. Each of the three recordings may be played twice. Play each one beside its own questions below.
Text 1 · an environmental expert on water scarcity
Eight questions: all three subjunctive triggers and both conditional types
🎧 Recorded assessment audio.
Text 1 script
يَقُولُ الخَبِيرُ البِيئِيُّ: تُعَانِي المِنْطَقَةُ العَرَبِيَّةُ مِنْ نُدْرَةِ المِيَاهِ الحَادَّةِ، وَتُمَثِّلُ المَوَارِدُ المُتَجَدِّدَةُ نِسْبَةً ضَئِيلَةً مِنْ حَاجَتِنَا. يَتَطَلَّبُ الوَضْعُ أَنْ تُخَصِّصَ الحُكُومَاتُ مِيزَانِيَّاتٍ أَكْبَرَ لِلتَّحْلِيَةِ. وَنَخْشَى أَنْ يَتَجَاوَزَ الاِحْتِرَارُ العَالَمِيُّ حُدُودَهُ الآمِنَةَ. إِذَا اعْتَمَدْنَا عَلَى الطَّاقَةِ الشَّمْسِيَّةِ، سَنُخَفِّضُ التَّكَالِيفَ. وَلَوْ كُنَّا قَدِ اسْتَثْمَرْنَا مُبَكِّرًا، لَتَجَنَّبْنَا هٰذِهِ الأَزْمَةَ. وَقَالَ تَقْرِيرٌ أُمَمِيٌّ إِنَّ ثُلُثَ سُكَّانِ العَالَمِ سَيُوَاجِهُونَ العَطَشَ. وَنَرْجُو أَنْ تُوَقِّعَ الدُّوَلُ اتِّفَاقًا لِإِدَارَةِ الأَنْهَارِ المُشْتَرَكَةِ.
Text 2 · two architects debate heritage conservation
Who said it — Sami, Layla or both?
🎧 Recorded assessment audio.
Text 2 script
مَعْمَارِيٌّ أَوَّلُ (سَامِي): يَنْبَغِي أَنْ نُحَافِظَ عَلَى المَبَانِي التَّارِيخِيَّةِ لِأَنَّهَا ذَاكِرَةُ المَدِينَةِ. مَعْمَارِيَّةٌ ثَانِيَةٌ (لَيْلَى): أَتَّفِقُ، لٰكِنِّي أَرَى أَنَّ التَّنْمِيَةَ ضَرُورِيَّةٌ أَيْضًا. سَامِي: نُرَمِّمُ التُّرَاثَ لِكَيْ نَصُونَ هُوِيَّتَنَا، وَلَوْ هَدَمْنَاهُ لَفَقَدْنَا جُزْءًا مِنْ تَارِيخِنَا. لَيْلَى: وَأَنَا أَرْجُو أَنْ نَجِدَ حَلًّا يُوَازِنُ بَيْنَ القَدِيمِ وَالحَدِيثِ. سَامِي: وَيَتَطَلَّبُ ذٰلِكَ أَنْ نَسْتَشِيرَ الخُبَرَاءَ. لَيْلَى: وَكَانَتِ المَدِينَةُ قَدْ فَقَدَتْ مَبَانِيَ كَثِيرَةً بِسَبَبِ الإِهْمَالِ.
Text 3 · an urban planner on a disaster-resilient smart city
Select the statement supported by the text
🎧 Recorded assessment audio.
Text 3 script
يَقُولُ مُخَطِّطٌ عُمْرَانِيٌّ: كَانَتِ الحُكُومَةُ قَدْ أَطْلَقَتْ مَشْرُوعَ المَدِينَةِ الذَّكِيَّةِ قَبْلَ سَنَوَاتٍ. وَفِي العَامِ المَاضِي، دُمِّرَتْ أَحْيَاءٌ قَدِيمَةٌ فِي فَيَضَانٍ مُفَاجِئٍ، وَأُجْلِيَ السُّكَّانُ، وَأُعْلِنَتْ حَالَةُ الطَّوَارِئِ. وَلِذٰلِكَ صُمِّمَتِ المَدِينَةُ الجَدِيدَةُ لِكَيْ تُقَاوِمَ الكَوَارِثَ. وَيَتَطَلَّبُ الأَمْرُ أَنْ نُطَوِّرَ أَنْظِمَةَ الإِنْذَارِ المُبَكِّرِ. وَإِذَا اعْتَمَدْنَا عَلَى الطَّاقَةِ المُتَجَدِّدَةِ، سَتَنْخَفِضُ الاِنْبِعَاثَاتُ. وَنَرْجُو أَنْ تُصْبِحَ مِثَالًا يُحْتَذَى فِي المِنْطَقَةِ.
0/20
05
Part B1 · 10 marks
Reading
An environmental-policy article carrying all three subjunctive triggers, the past perfect and both conditional types. Prove every answer from the Arabic.
0/10
06
Part B2 · 20 marks
Writing
A short environmental-policy form, then a 145–160 word article or email.
Question 1 · environmental policy form
Complete five details in Arabic
- أَكْبَرُ تَحَدٍّ بِيئِيٍّ بِاسْتِعْمَالِ «يُشَكِّلُ / يُمَثِّلُ»
The main environmental challenge using يُشَكِّلُ or يُمَثِّلُ
- إِجْرَاءٌ ضَرُورِيٌّ بِاسْتِعْمَالِ «يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ» + مَنْصُوبٌ
One required action using يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + subjunctive
- غَرَضٌ بِاسْتِعْمَالِ «لِكَيْ» + مَنْصُوبٌ
One purpose statement using لِكَي + subjunctive
- أَمَلٌ بِاسْتِعْمَالِ «يَرْجُو أَنْ» + مَنْصُوبٌ
One hope using يَرْجُو أَنْ + subjunctive
- تَوْصِيَةٌ شَرْطِيَّةٌ (إِذَا … سَـ …)
One conditional recommendation using a Type 1 conditional
Question 2 · extended writing
التَّحَدِّيَاتُ البِيئِيَّةُ فِي العَالَمِ العَرَبِيِّ — التَّشْخِيصُ وَالحُلُولُ
Write 145–160 words on the built or natural world. The purpose trigger (لِكَيْ), a necessity trigger (يَنْبَغِي / يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ) and a volition trigger (يَهْدِفُ / يَخْشَى / يَرْجُو أَنْ) each earn a separate Range mark; also include a Type 2 conditional, the past perfect and reported speech.
0 words
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07
Part C · 10 marks
Speaking
An environmental-conference role play and a topic conversation. All three subjunctive triggers, both conditional types and the disaster passives are all assessed.
Role play · an environmental conference presentation
Four prompts
- صِفْ تَحَدِّيًا بِيئِيًّا (يُشَكِّلُ / يُمَثِّلُ مُتَوَقَّعٌ فِي الرَّدِّ).
Describe an environmental challenge; the response should use يُشَكِّلُ or يُمَثِّلُ. - اشْرَحْ مَا الَّذِي يَتَطَلَّبُهُ الحَلُّ (يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + مَنْصُوبٌ — عَلَامَةُ دِقَّةٍ لِلنَّصْبِ).
Explain what the solution requires using يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + subjunctive (a subjunctive-accuracy mark). - اقْتَرِحْ إِجْرَاءً مُسْتَقْبَلِيًّا (شَرْطٌ مِنَ النَّوْعِ الأَوَّلِ — إِذَا …).
Propose a future action using a Type 1 conditional. - عَبِّرْ عَنْ أَمَلٍ لِلْأَجْيَالِ القَادِمَةِ (يَرْجُو أَنْ + مَنْصُوبٌ).
Express a hope for future generations using يَرْجُو أَنْ + subjunctive.
Topic conversation
Three questions
- صِفْ تَحَدِّيًا بِيئِيًّا فِي العَالَمِ العَرَبِيِّ وَمَا أَسْبَابُهُ. (المَبْنِيُّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ وَالسَّبَبِيَّةُ مُتَوَقَّعَةٌ)
Describe an environmental challenge in the Arab world and its causes (passive and cause-effect expected). - لَوْ كَانَتْ لَدَيْكَ صَلَاحِيَّاتُ وَزِيرِ البِيئَةِ، مَاذَا كُنْتَ سَتُغَيِّرُ؟ (شَرْطٌ مِنَ النَّوْعِ الثَّانِي مَطْلُوبٌ)
If you had an environment minister's powers, what would you change? (Type 2 conditional required). - مَا الَّذِي يَتَطَلَّبُهُ الحِفَاظُ عَلَى التُّرَاثِ فِي رَأْيِكَ؟ (يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + مَنْصُوبٌ مَطْلُوبٌ)
What does conserving heritage require in your view? (يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + subjunctive required).
08
Criteria · weighting · evidence
Mark scheme
Apply these criteria to Question 2 and to the speaking components.
Task completion (TC) — 5 marks
- A built/natural-world challenge is described with ecosystem or urban vocabulary (يُشَكِّلُ / يُمَثِّلُ).
- A past-perfect background gives historical or prior context.
- Conditional analysis and a proposed solution are present; 145-160 words.
Range — 5 marks
- A purpose trigger (لِكَي + subjunctive) — one mark.
- A necessity trigger (يَنْبَغِي / يَتَطَلَّبُ / مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْ + subjunctive) — a second, separate mark.
- A volition trigger (يَهْدِفُ / يَخْشَى / يَرْجُو أَنْ + subjunctive), a Type 2 conditional and reported speech.
Accuracy — 5 marks
- The subjunctive final fatḥa (ـَ) after every trigger (2 marks — the primary criterion).
- The Type 2 لَـ prefix in the result clause (2 marks).
- Passive formation (دُمِّرَتْ / أُعْلِنَتْ) (1 mark).
Role play — communication and accuracy — 4 marks
- Communication (2): all four prompts are addressed clearly and relevantly.
- Accuracy (2): the necessity subjunctive in prompt 2 (يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + fatḥa) and the Type 1 conditional in prompt 3 are formed correctly.
- The challenge is described with يُشَكِّلُ or يُمَثِّلُ.
Topic conversation — communication and quality of language — 6 marks
- Communication (3): answers are developed with point, reason and example.
- Quality of language (3): a passive/cause-effect (Q1), a Type 2 conditional (Q2) and a necessity subjunctive (Q3) all appear.
- Q2 opens with لَوْ (Type 2 required) and Q3 invites يَتَطَلَّبُ أَنْ + subjunctive; give credit for any correct trigger even if the final fatḥa is not perfectly marked in spontaneous speech.
Accuracy focus
Use a clear subjunctive trigger and keep the following verb form accurate.
09
Reflect · target · move on
Reflection and next steps
TC reflection
Record what is secure and what to target in TC.
Not yet marked complete.